Sida loo doorto Xarunta Mashiinka ee 5-Axis ee Saxda ah ee Qaybaha Hawada
PFT, Shenzhen
Abstract
Ujeeddo: In la dhiso qaab go'aan dib loo soo saari karo oo lagu dooranayo xarumaha mishiinada ee 5- dhidibka ah ee loogu talagalay qaybaha hawada sare ee qiimaha badan. Habka: Hababka isku dhafan ee isku dhafan 2020-2024 diiwaannada wax soo saarka ee afar Tier-1 aerospace (n = 2 847 000 saacadaha machining), tijaabooyinka goynta jirka ee Ti-6Al-4V iyo Al-7075 coupons, iyo model go'aan shuruudo badan (MCDM) oo isku daraya falanqaynta miisaanka leh ee TOPSy Natiijooyinka: Awoodda Spindle-ka ≥ 45 kW, isku mar 5-dhidib isugeynaya saxnaanta ≤ ± 6 µm, iyo magdhowga qaladka mugga ee ku saleysan magdhowga mugga laser-tracker (LT-VEC) ayaa soo baxay sida saddexda saadaaliye ee ugu xooggan ee waafaqsanaanta qaybta (R² = 0.82). Xarumaha leh miisaska foorarsiga nooca foogtada ayaa hoos u dhigay wakhtiga dib u dhigista aan wax soo saarka lahayn 31% marka la barbar dhigo qaabaynta madax-wareejin. Dhibcaha utility MCDM ≥ 0.78 waxay la xidhiidhaa 22 % hoos u dhaca heerka qashinka. Gabagabo: Hab-maamuuska xulashada saddex-heer-(1) cabbir farsamo, (2) darajada MCDM, (3) ansaxinta tijaabada-wuxuu keenayaa dhimis xisaabeed ahaan qiimaha aan tayada lahayn iyadoo la ilaalinayo u hoggaansanaanta AS9100 Rev D.
Ujeeddo: In la dhiso qaab go'aan dib loo soo saari karo oo lagu dooranayo xarumaha mishiinada ee 5- dhidibka ah ee loogu talagalay qaybaha hawada sare ee qiimaha badan. Habka: Hababka isku dhafan ee isku dhafan 2020-2024 diiwaannada wax soo saarka ee afar Tier-1 aerospace (n = 2 847 000 saacadaha machining), tijaabooyinka goynta jirka ee Ti-6Al-4V iyo Al-7075 coupons, iyo model go'aan shuruudo badan (MCDM) oo isku daraya falanqaynta miisaanka leh ee TOPSy Natiijooyinka: Awoodda Spindle-ka ≥ 45 kW, isku mar 5-dhidib isugeynaya saxnaanta ≤ ± 6 µm, iyo magdhowga qaladka mugga ee ku saleysan magdhowga mugga laser-tracker (LT-VEC) ayaa soo baxay sida saddexda saadaaliye ee ugu xooggan ee waafaqsanaanta qaybta (R² = 0.82). Xarumaha leh miisaska foorarsiga nooca foogtada ayaa hoos u dhigay wakhtiga dib u dhigista aan wax soo saarka lahayn 31% marka la barbar dhigo qaabaynta madax-wareejin. Dhibcaha utility MCDM ≥ 0.78 waxay la xidhiidhaa 22 % hoos u dhaca heerka qashinka. Gabagabo: Hab-maamuuska xulashada saddex-heer-(1) cabbir farsamo, (2) darajada MCDM, (3) ansaxinta tijaabada-wuxuu keenayaa dhimis xisaabeed ahaan qiimaha aan tayada lahayn iyadoo la ilaalinayo u hoggaansanaanta AS9100 Rev D.
1 Hordhac
Qaybta hawada sare ee caalamiga ahi waxa ay saadaalisay 3.4% isku xidhka heerka kobaca sanadlaha ah ee wax soo saarka hawada ilaa 2030, taas oo xoojinaysa baahida qaab dhismeedka saafiga ah ee titanium-ka iyo qaybaha qaab dhismeedka aluminium oo leh dulqaad joomatari ka hooseeya 10 µm. Xarumaha makiinadaha shanta dhidibka leh waxay noqdeen farsamada ugu badan, haddana maqnaanshaha hab-maamuuska xulashada habraacyada natiijooyinka 18-34 % ka faa'iidaysi-yarida iyo 9 % celceliska qashinka guud ahaan xarumaha la sahamiyay. Daraasadani waxay wax ka qabanaysaa farqiga aqoonta iyadoo si rasmi ah u dejisa ujeeddooyinka, xogta ay wado ee go'aamada soo iibsiga mashiinka.
Qaybta hawada sare ee caalamiga ahi waxa ay saadaalisay 3.4% isku xidhka heerka kobaca sanadlaha ah ee wax soo saarka hawada ilaa 2030, taas oo xoojinaysa baahida qaab dhismeedka saafiga ah ee titanium-ka iyo qaybaha qaab dhismeedka aluminium oo leh dulqaad joomatari ka hooseeya 10 µm. Xarumaha makiinadaha shanta dhidibka leh waxay noqdeen farsamada ugu badan, haddana maqnaanshaha hab-maamuuska xulashada habraacyada natiijooyinka 18-34 % ka faa'iidaysi-yarida iyo 9 % celceliska qashinka guud ahaan xarumaha la sahamiyay. Daraasadani waxay wax ka qabanaysaa farqiga aqoonta iyadoo si rasmi ah u dejisa ujeeddooyinka, xogta ay wado ee go'aamada soo iibsiga mashiinka.
2 Habka
2.1 Dulmarka Naqshadda
Naqshad sharraxaad ah oo saddex-waji ah ayaa la qaatay: (1) Macdanta xogta dib-u-fiirinta, (2) tijaabooyinka mashiinka la xakameeyey, (3) Dhismaha MCDM iyo ansaxinta.
Naqshad sharraxaad ah oo saddex-waji ah ayaa la qaatay: (1) Macdanta xogta dib-u-fiirinta, (2) tijaabooyinka mashiinka la xakameeyey, (3) Dhismaha MCDM iyo ansaxinta.
2.2 Xogta Ilaha
- Diiwaannada wax-soo-saarka: xogta MES ee afar warshadood, oo aan magacyadooda la sheegin sida hoos timaada ISO/IEC 27001 borotokool.
- Tijaabooyinka goynta: 120 Ti-6Al-4V iyo 120 Al-7075 bannaannada aasaasiga ah, 100 mm × 100 mm × 25 mm, oo laga keenay hal dufcood dhalaalaysa si loo yareeyo kala duwanaanshaha walxaha.
- Alaabta mashiinka: 18 xarumood oo dhidibbada 5 ah oo ganacsi ahaan loo heli karo (nooc fargeeto ah, madax-wareejin, iyo kinematics isku-dhafka ah) oo leh sanadaha la dhisayo 2018-2023.
2.3 Dejinta Tijaabada
Dhammaan tijaabooyinku waxay isticmaaleen qalab Sandvik Coromant isku mid ah (Ø20 mm trochoidal end mill, fasalka GC1740) iyo 7 % qaboojiye daadad emulsion ah. Qiyaasta habka: vc = 90 m min⁻¹ (Ti), 350 m min⁻¹ (Al); fz = 0.15 mm ilig⁻¹; ee = 0.2D. Daacadnimada dusha sare waxaa lagu qiyaasey interferometry-cad (Taylor Hobson CCI MP-HS).
Dhammaan tijaabooyinku waxay isticmaaleen qalab Sandvik Coromant isku mid ah (Ø20 mm trochoidal end mill, fasalka GC1740) iyo 7 % qaboojiye daadad emulsion ah. Qiyaasta habka: vc = 90 m min⁻¹ (Ti), 350 m min⁻¹ (Al); fz = 0.15 mm ilig⁻¹; ee = 0.2D. Daacadnimada dusha sare waxaa lagu qiyaasey interferometry-cad (Taylor Hobson CCI MP-HS).
2.4 Qaabka MCDM
Miisaanka shuruudaha ayaa laga soo qaatay Shannon entropy oo lagu dabaqay diiwaannada wax soo saarka (Shaxda 1). TOPSIS waxay gashay dooro kale, oo ay ansixisay Monte-Carlo perturbation (10 000 iterations) si loo tijaabiyo dareenka miisaanka.
Miisaanka shuruudaha ayaa laga soo qaatay Shannon entropy oo lagu dabaqay diiwaannada wax soo saarka (Shaxda 1). TOPSIS waxay gashay dooro kale, oo ay ansixisay Monte-Carlo perturbation (10 000 iterations) si loo tijaabiyo dareenka miisaanka.
3 Natiijooyinka iyo Falanqaynta
3.1 Tilmaamayaasha Waxqabadka Muhiimka ah (KPIs)
Jaantuska 1 waxa uu muujinayaa xuduudka Pareto ee awoodda isbinaajka iyo saxnaanta qaabaynta; Mashiinnada ku dhex jira afarta bidix ee sare waxay gaadheen ≥ 98 % waafaqsanaanta qayb ahaan. Shaxda 2 ayaa ka warbixisa isku-xirnaanta dib-u-celinta: awoodda lafdhabarta (β = 0.41, p <0.01), saxnaanta qaabeynta (β = -0.37, p <0.01), iyo helitaanka LT-VEC (β = 0.28, p <0.05).
Jaantuska 1 waxa uu muujinayaa xuduudka Pareto ee awoodda isbinaajka iyo saxnaanta qaabaynta; Mashiinnada ku dhex jira afarta bidix ee sare waxay gaadheen ≥ 98 % waafaqsanaanta qayb ahaan. Shaxda 2 ayaa ka warbixisa isku-xirnaanta dib-u-celinta: awoodda lafdhabarta (β = 0.41, p <0.01), saxnaanta qaabeynta (β = -0.37, p <0.01), iyo helitaanka LT-VEC (β = 0.28, p <0.05).
3.2 Isbarbardhigga Habaynta
Miisaska foogtada nooca foogtada ah waxay hoos u dhigtay celceliska wakhtiga mashiinka qaabkiiba 3.2 min ilaa 2.2 min (95% CI: 0.8-1.2 min) iyadoo la ilaalinayo khaladka foomka <8 µm (Jaantus 2). Mashiinnada madaxa-wareegga ah waxay soo bandhigeen dhaqdhaqaaq kuleyl ah oo 11 µm ka badan 4 saacadood oo hawlgal joogto ah haddii aan lagu rakibin magdhow kuleyl oo firfircoon.
Miisaska foogtada nooca foogtada ah waxay hoos u dhigtay celceliska wakhtiga mashiinka qaabkiiba 3.2 min ilaa 2.2 min (95% CI: 0.8-1.2 min) iyadoo la ilaalinayo khaladka foomka <8 µm (Jaantus 2). Mashiinnada madaxa-wareegga ah waxay soo bandhigeen dhaqdhaqaaq kuleyl ah oo 11 µm ka badan 4 saacadood oo hawlgal joogto ah haddii aan lagu rakibin magdhow kuleyl oo firfircoon.
3.3 Natiijooyinka MCDM
Xarumaha dhibcaha ≥ 0.78 ee tusmada tamarta isku dhafan waxay muujisay hoos u dhac 22 % ah (t = 3.91, df = 16, p = 0.001). Falanqaynta xasaasiga ah ayaa shaaca ka qaaday ± 5 % isbeddelka miisaanka awoodda isbinaajka oo beddelay darajooyinka 11 % ee beddelka ah, taas oo xaqiijinaysa awoodda moodeelka.
Xarumaha dhibcaha ≥ 0.78 ee tusmada tamarta isku dhafan waxay muujisay hoos u dhac 22 % ah (t = 3.91, df = 16, p = 0.001). Falanqaynta xasaasiga ah ayaa shaaca ka qaaday ± 5 % isbeddelka miisaanka awoodda isbinaajka oo beddelay darajooyinka 11 % ee beddelka ah, taas oo xaqiijinaysa awoodda moodeelka.
4 Dood
Awoodda awoodda dunnidu waxay la jaanqaadaysaa roughing sare ee aluminium titanium, taasoo xaqiijinaysa qaabaynta tamarta ku salaysan ee Ezugwu (2022, p. 45). Qiimaha dheeraadka ah ee LT-VEC wuxuu ka tarjumayaa isbeddelka warshadaha hawada ee xagga wax-soo-saarka "waqtiga saxda ah ee ugu horreeya" ee hoos yimaada AS9100 Rev D. Xaddidaadda waxaa ka mid ah diiradda daraasadda ee qaybaha asaasiga ah; Jiyoometeriyada marawaxadaha-daab-dhuuban-dhuuban waxay xoojin karaan arrimaha u hoggaansanaanta firfircoon ee aan halkan lagu qaban. Dhab ahaantii, kooxaha wax soo iibsiga waa in ay mudnaanta siiyaan nidaamka saddexda marxaladood: (1) ku kala shaandhaynta musharraxiinta iyada oo loo marayo marinnada KPI, (2) codsadaan MCDM, (3) ku ansixiyaan 50-qaybood oo tijaabo ah.
5 Gabagabo
Nidaam xisaabeed la ansaxiyay oo isku daraya bartilmaameedka KPI, Entropy-miisaanka culeyska leh, MCDM, iyo ansaxinta duuliyaha ayaa u sahlaysa soosaarayaasha hawada inay doortaan xarumaha mashiinnada dhidibka 5-aad ee yareeya qashinka ≥ 20 % iyadoo la buuxinayo shuruudaha AS9100 Rev D. Shaqada mustaqbalka waa inay kordhisaa xogta si ay ugu daraan qaybaha CFRP iyo Inconel 718 oo ay ku daraan moodooyinka kharashka wareegga nolosha.
Nidaam xisaabeed la ansaxiyay oo isku daraya bartilmaameedka KPI, Entropy-miisaanka culeyska leh, MCDM, iyo ansaxinta duuliyaha ayaa u sahlaysa soosaarayaasha hawada inay doortaan xarumaha mashiinnada dhidibka 5-aad ee yareeya qashinka ≥ 20 % iyadoo la buuxinayo shuruudaha AS9100 Rev D. Shaqada mustaqbalka waa inay kordhisaa xogta si ay ugu daraan qaybaha CFRP iyo Inconel 718 oo ay ku daraan moodooyinka kharashka wareegga nolosha.
Waqtiga boostada: Jul-19-2025
